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  <titleInfo>
    <title>EU Citizenship’s New Essentialism - The Solidification of the Illiberal Union</title>
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    <namePart>Kochenov, Dimitry Vladimirovich</namePart>
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    <dateIssued encoding="marc">2025</dateIssued>
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    <publisher>Verfassungsblog</publisher>
    <dateIssued>2025-05-05</dateIssued>
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  <abstract displayLabel="Summary">The Court of Justice of the European Union ruled that the Maltese citizenship by investment violates EU law. The Court thereby hints – for the first time – that EU citizenship bond is not only legal in nature. Citizenship has suddenly become a legal but also some other connection between a person and the state. In other words, the law is not enough to make one a citizen, as any such citizenship might fall short of ‘solidarity and good faith’ test at the EU level. This newly-invented extra-legal rule put thousands of Europeans in limbo. This blog will locate some key steps marking this development and offer a possible presentation of the recent decades of EU law in three broad steps, to show how we got where we are.</abstract>
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  <note type="statement of responsibility">Kochenov, Dimitry Vladimirovich</note>
  <subject>
    <topic>Citizenship by Investment</topic>
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  <subject>
    <topic>Commission v Malta</topic>
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  <subject>
    <topic>EU citizenship</topic>
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    <identifier type="issn">2366-7044</identifier>
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  <identifier type="doi">10.59704/452e3eca733be6a5</identifier>
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