http://dx.doi.org/10.17176/20211006-014012-0 https://verfassungsblog.de/frand-terms-for-pandemic-essential-intellectual-property-rights/ FRAND Terms for Pandemic-essential Intellectual Property Rights Van Delm, Kaat eng 2021-10-05 electronic resource text/html ddc:342 Intellectual Property Rights Pandemic Vaccines Verfassungsblog Verfassungsblog--2366-7044 CC BY-SA 4.0 Our international norms are arguably ill adapted to emergencies such as pandemics. In this contribution I discuss a potential remedy for one related challenge, namely a cooperation amongst competitors for the accelerated development of vaccines. A way to foster cooperation could be the use of fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory (‘FRAND’) terms to the licensing of pandemic-essential intellectual property rights (IPR).