http://dx.doi.org/10.59704/9e398c480a4bf6ac https://verfassungsblog.de/from-syrian-revolution-to-constitutional-ambiguity/ From Syrian Revolution to Constitutional Ambiguity - The New Temporary Constitutional Declaration Reinforces Individual Rule Alnasir, Samer eng 2025-05-23 electronic resource text/html ddc:342 Authoritarianism Checks and Balances constitution making separation of powers Syria Verfassungsblog Verfassungsblog--2366-7044 CC BY-SA 4.0 The remarkable yet tragic victory of the Syrian revolution reached its turning point on December 7, 2024. Unlike the coups of the 1950s and 60s, whose leaders immediately sought legal legitimacy, the current de facto ruler, Ahmad al-Sharaa, has declared a five-year transitional period under a temporary Constitutional Declaration. While it formally guarantees equality, the Declaration omits fundamental democratic safeguards and fails to ensure the separation of powers - entrenching a system of self-referential authority and executive dominance that mirrors the authoritarian dynamics of the past.