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  <titleInfo>
    <title>Media Pluralism in KRRiT-ical Condition - How the Polish media watchdog uses the law to suppress liberal media</title>
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    <namePart>Bychawska-Siniarska, Dominika</namePart>
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    <dateIssued encoding="marc">2023</dateIssued>
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    <publisher>Verfassungsblog</publisher>
    <dateIssued>2023-05-25</dateIssued>
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  <abstract displayLabel="Summary">In April 2023, the  Polish National Broadcasting Council, the so-called KRRiT, imposed a high fine on an indipendent media outlet. It was not the first fine of this kind to independent media organisations. The growing number of KRRiT decisions targeting independent media in Poland is the result of the political nature of the procedure for appointing members of the KRRiT and the broad, unclear legal basis for imposing fines. Since 2005, the decisive voice in the composition of the KRRiT was that of the ruling political majority. This blogpost analyzes and criticizes the vague legal framework for KRRiT and the institution's apparent political capture in recent years.</abstract>
  <accessCondition type="use and reproduction">CC BY-SA 4.0</accessCondition>
  <note type="statement of responsibility">Bychawska-Siniarska, Dominika</note>
  <subject>
    <topic>Democratic Backsliding</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>Free Media</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>media law</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>PiS</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>public broadcaster</topic>
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  <subject>
    <topic>rule of law backsliding</topic>
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  <classification authority="ddc" edition="23">342</classification>
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    <url displayLabel="raw object" usage="primary display">https://verfassungsblog.de/media-pluralism-in-krrit-ical-condition/</url>
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      <title>Verfassungsblog</title>
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    <identifier type="issn">2366-7044</identifier>
    <name>
      <namePart>Max Steinbeis Verfassungsblog gGmbH</namePart>
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  <identifier type="doi">10.17176/20230525-231150-0</identifier>
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