http://dx.doi.org/10.59704/cc86aaf666dbde99 https://verfassungsblog.de/more-than-mere-bystanders/ More Than Mere Bystanders - Responsibility of the EU for Israel’s Illegal Presence in the OPT R. Borges de Carvalho, Pedro eng 2026-07-09 electronic resource text/html ddc:342 EU EU Israel Occupied Palestinian Territory Sanctions EU Verfassungsblog Verfassungsblog--2366-7044 CC BY-SA 4.0 After two years since the ICJ unequivocally declared Israel’s presence in the Occupied Palestinian Territory as unlawful, the European Commission is expected to finally propose measures to “restrict” EU trade with illegal Israeli settlements ahead of the next European Council meeting on 13 July. While most proposals explore suspending the EU-Israel Association Agreement, adopting targeted sanctions against Israeli officials and settlers, or imposing tariffs on settlement trade, these measures are not enough to dismantle a link of complicity where a complete embargo on Israeli colonies is required.