nam 22 uu 4500 10.59704/b0c2e6c859c39633 DE-Verfassungsblog cr||||| 250620s2025||||xx#|||||o|||| ||| 0|eng|| 10.59704/b0c2e6c859c39633 doi eng 342 23 Strumia, Francesca Author aut (orcid)0000-0002-0361-7327 Neither Soil, Nor Blood, Nor Money - Disquiet over citizenship in the US, Italy, the UK, and at the CJEU Strumia, Francesca Verfassungsblog 2025-06-20 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Russian oligarchs in Malta, descendants of Italians in South America, and Mexicans crossing into the US make unlikely characters for a common story. Yet over the first half of 2025, the ability of each of these groups to acquire or transmit citizenship status has been under scrutiny, signalling a shared preoccupation with ensuring that citizenship reflects “authentic” bonds and is not acquired instrumentally. In the struggle to define these “authentic” bonds each intervention strikes at the heart of some well-known citizenship tenet – the link to soil, blood, or money – without offering a clear alternative. The resulting void calls for a reflection on the principles that ought to inform rules on citizenship attribution. CC BY-SA 4.0 Birthright Citizenship Citizenship Citizenship by Investment Dual Citizenship Executive Order Max Steinbeis Verfassungsblog gGmbH Verfassungsblog 2366-7044 https://verfassungsblog.de/neither-soil-nor-blood-nor-money/ raw object