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http://dx.doi.org/10.59704/b58cd8d3493bfaf3 https://verfassungsblog.de/hamoudis-burden-shifting-precedent-and-its-implications-for-fm-v-frontex/ Frontex Under Scrutiny - Hamoudi’s Burden Shifting Precedent and Its Implications for FM v Frontex Athanasiou, Georgios eng 2026-02-13 electronic resource text/html ddc:342 EU Charta Frontex Rule of Law Verfassungsblog Verfassungsblog--2366-7044 CC BY-SA 4.0 In the evolving landscape of EU border accountability, the Court of Justice of the European Union delivered its ruling in Hamoudi v Frontex (C-136/24 P) on 18 December 2025. This Grand Chamber decision not only reversed the General Court’s dismissal but also fundamentally recalibrated the evidentiary standards for establishing Frontex’s liability for fundamental rights violations. As FM v Frontex (T-511/24), a closely related case, awaits its judgment, Hamoudi’s legacy in establishing Frontex’s accountability and lowering the burden of proof for vulnerable migrants, promises to reshape its outcome.