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http://dx.doi.org/10.59704/5c5ff6cf22396d2d https://verfassungsblog.de/f-35-a-judicial-compromise/ A Judicial Compromise - The Dutch Supreme Court’s Judgment in the F-35 Parts Case Voetelink, Joop Zwanenburg, Marten eng 2025-10-28 electronic resource text/html ddc:342 ATT EUCP F-35 Jet Fighter Israel Niederlande Political Question Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties the Netherlands Niederlande Verfassungsblog Verfassungsblog--2366-7044 CC BY-SA 4.0 On 3 October 2025, the Supreme Court of the Netherlands handed down its judgment concerning the export of parts for the F-35 jet fighter to Israel. We highlight two notable elements. First, the Court did not follow the teleological interpretation typically taken by the ECJ. Another approach to interpretation of international and EU law could have led to a (partly) different outcome of the case. Second, we agree that, given the State’s discretionary power, civil courts must exercise restraint when dealing with foreign policy and national or international security.