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http://dx.doi.org/10.59704/f034b1513d9eebaa https://verfassungsblog.de/the-european-democracy-shield-whole-of-society/ The European Democracy Shield and Its Whole-of-Society Approach - From the Bottom‑Up, but Short on Concrete Action Feisel, Franca Maria eng 2025-11-20 electronic resource text/html ddc:342 EU European Centre for Democratic Resilience European Democracy Shield Whole-of-Society Approach EU Verfassungsblog Verfassungsblog--2366-7044 CC BY-SA 4.0 On 12 November, the European Commission published the long-awaited European Democracy Shield. While the EDS’s embrace of a bottom-up approach arguably marks a meaningful shift in how the Commission conceives democratic resilience, the initiative itself does little to translate this rhetoric into meaningful action. If Member State cooperation on tackling information manipulation and interference remains voluntary, civil society involvement largely consultative, and several flagship initiatives end up being merely symbolic, so will the EDS’s ambitious and inclusive language.