Privatised Digital Borders - Responding to the Regulatory and Accountability Challenge with Participatory Design Welfens, Natalie Author aut Text xx# 2025 Verfassungsblog 2025-12-08 eng
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 Digitisation and the growing reliance on private intermediaries are transforming visa systems from paper-based procedures into opaque digital-commercial infrastructures. Drawing on findings from the AFAR project, this contribution shows how automation, outsourcing, and fragmented accountability reshape rights protection in migration governance. Using visa applications as a case study, it argues that existing regulatory frameworks remain insufficient and calls for new methods of scrutiny — including participatory, co-designed approaches that centre migrants’ perspectives and reimagine transparency, oversight, and responsibility in digital border regimes. CC BY-SA 4.0 Welfens, Natalie 342 https://verfassungsblog.de/privatised-digital-borders/ Verfassungsblog 2366-7044 Max Steinbeis Verfassungsblog gGmbH 10.59704/f323c1bfb0013f32 251208 10.59704/f323c1bfb0013f32 Converted from MARCXML to MODS version 3.7 using MARC21slim2MODS3-7.xsl (Revision 1.140 20200717)