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  <titleInfo>
    <title>Winning by Losing - The Egenberger Decision and the Reconfiguration of Religious Freedom in Germany</title>
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    <namePart>Mahlmann, Matthias</namePart>
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    <publisher>Verfassungsblog</publisher>
    <dateIssued>2025-12-21</dateIssued>
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  <abstract displayLabel="Summary">Up to now, religious communities in Germany could require religious affiliation for almost all kinds of employment. Following the CJEU’s intervention, the FCC in November 2025 changed this decades-long practice and thus accorded greater constitutional weight to equality and non-discrimination vis-à-vis religious self-determination. Yet it did more than that: it also reinforced the protection of religious freedom itself. Finally, the decision affirmed the supremacy of EU law in times of fundamental challenges to the transnational rule of law. Egenberger thus constitutes a substantial, well-justified, fundamental-rights-friendly, and welcome shift.</abstract>
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  <note type="statement of responsibility">Mahlmann, Matthias</note>
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    <topic>CJEU</topic>
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  <subject>
    <topic>Egenberger</topic>
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  <subject>
    <topic>Self-determination of Churches</topic>
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  <subject>
    <topic>religious freedom</topic>
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    <identifier type="issn">2366-7044</identifier>
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  <identifier type="doi">10.59704/b23629e3bfff7703</identifier>
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