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  <titleInfo>
    <title>U.S. Attacks on Iran - Defying the Law to Follow a Theory</title>
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    <namePart>O'Connell, Mary Ellen</namePart>
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    <dateIssued encoding="marc">2025</dateIssued>
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    <publisher>Verfassungsblog</publisher>
    <dateIssued>2025-06-28</dateIssued>
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  <abstract displayLabel="Summary">Israel and the United States attacked Iran in mid-June 2025 with the aim of ending its nuclear program. Iran counter-attacked. While some world leaders justified what Israel and the U.S. were doing, they did so in line with political deterrence theory, not the plain terms of the United Nations Charter. The lawful use of force in self-defense depends on an armed attack occurring. Concerns over nuclear weapons are to be resolved through treaties and negotiations. Honoring deterrence theory over the law is undermining the surest path to peace.</abstract>
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  <note type="statement of responsibility">O'Connell, Mary Ellen</note>
  <subject>
    <topic>Cold War</topic>
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  <subject>
    <topic>International Law</topic>
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  <subject>
    <topic>Iran</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>Israel-Iran-Krieg</topic>
  </subject>
  <subject>
    <topic>NATO</topic>
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  <subject>
    <topic>UN Charter</topic>
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  <subject>
    <topic>USA</topic>
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  <subject>
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    <topic>Iran</topic>
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    <topic>USA</topic>
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    <url displayLabel="raw object" usage="primary display">https://verfassungsblog.de/us-attacks-iran/</url>
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    <identifier type="issn">2366-7044</identifier>
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  <identifier type="doi">10.59704/6be02dd0f9c5c5d5</identifier>
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