10 November 2015

Cameron’s EU reforms: political feasibility and legal implications

David Cameron, the UK’s Prime Minister, has set out his objectives for EU reforms in a speech at Chatham House on 10 November 2015 – objectives which he later clarified in a letter to the President of the European Council Donald Tusk. Cameron’s demands fall in four categories – i) safeguarding Britain’s position in the Union’s ‘variable geometry’; ii) strengthening the competitiveness of the Union’s internal market; iii) bolstering the democratic authority of the EU by strengthening the role of national parliaments in the EU’s decision-making process; and iv) ensure changes to the principles of free movement and equal treatment of Union citizens in access to welfare systems in the host state. The political feasibility and legal implications of these objectives differ quite significantly. More crucially, each of the stated objectives can be interpreted and implemented in different ways. Generally, it seems, Cameron’s success seems to depend on presenting reforms that at the same time address British domestic issues as well as strengthen the EU’s functioning. Continue reading >>
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Cameron’s EU reforms: political feasibility and legal implications

David Cameron, the UK’s Prime Minister, has set out his objectives for EU reforms in a speech at Chatham House on 10 November 2015 – objectives which he later clarified in a letter to the President of the European Council Donald Tusk. Cameron’s demands fall in four categories – i) safeguarding Britain’s position in the Union’s ‘variable geometry’; ii) strengthening the competitiveness of the Union’s internal market; iii) bolstering the democratic authority of the EU by strengthening the role of national parliaments in the EU’s decision-making process; and iv) ensure changes to the principles of free movement and equal treatment of Union citizens in access to welfare systems in the host state. The political feasibility and legal implications of these objectives differ quite significantly. More crucially, each of the stated objectives can be interpreted and implemented in different ways. Generally, it seems, Cameron’s success seems to depend on presenting reforms that at the same time address British domestic issues as well as strengthen the EU’s functioning. Continue reading >>
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08 November 2015

Boycott calls and double standards: another French limitation on freedom of expression

France, once the motherland of human rights, is increasingly clamping down on freedom of expression. According to a recent decision by the French Supreme Court, calling for boycott on Israeli goods is illegal under french law. Fourteen members of the activist group Boycott, Divestment & Sanctions (BDS), campaigning for the economic, academic, sports and cultural boycott of Israel, learned it the hard way in two decisions of October 20th which confirmed on the highest level of criminal jurisdiction their conviction to 12,000 € in damages and 1,000 € in fine. Joining Israel, France makes for the only european country to penalize boycott calls on products of Israeli origin. Continue reading >>
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Boycott calls and double standards: another French limitation on freedom of expression

France, once the motherland of human rights, is increasingly clamping down on freedom of expression. According to a recent decision by the French Supreme Court, calling for boycott on Israeli goods is illegal under french law. Fourteen members of the activist group Boycott, Divestment & Sanctions (BDS), campaigning for the economic, academic, sports and cultural boycott of Israel, learned it the hard way in two decisions of October 20th which confirmed on the highest level of criminal jurisdiction their conviction to 12,000 € in damages and 1,000 € in fine. Joining Israel, France makes for the only european country to penalize boycott calls on products of Israeli origin. Continue reading >>
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06 November 2015

Verteilung unbegleiteter minderjähriger Geflüchteter auf die Bundesländer: eine Sache des Kindeswohls?

Unbegleitete minderjährige Geflüchtete werden künftig wie Erwachsene auch auf die Bundesländer verteilt. Dafür sorgt das „Gesetz zur Verbesserung der Unterbringung, Versorgung und Betreuung ausländischer Kinder und Jugendlicher", das am Sonntag in Kraft getreten ist. Die Neuregelungen werden vor allem mit dem Vorrang des Kindeswohls gerechtfertigt, der sich aus Art. 3 der UN-Kinderrechtskonvention ergibt. Doch trägt die Neuregelung wirklich den Belangen des Kindeswohls Rechnung und läuft ihnen nicht vielmehr zuwider? Continue reading >>
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The Universal Declaration of the Rights of Humankind: Big Words, Small Effect

The text of a Universal Declaration of the Rights of Humankind was presented on Monday before the french Economic, Social and Environmental Council. France will introduce the declaration in December at the 21st United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris. Is the declaration more than just an empty gesture? Continue reading >>
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The Universal Declaration of the Rights of Humankind: Big Words, Small Effect

The text of a Universal Declaration of the Rights of Humankind was presented on Monday before the french Economic, Social and Environmental Council. France will introduce the declaration in December at the 21st United Nations Climate Change Conference in Paris. Is the declaration more than just an empty gesture? Continue reading >>
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05 November 2015

Staatliche Gewährleistung der Informationsfreiheit zwischen #netneutrality und #notneutrality

Das Internet der Gleichheit, in dem alle Daten unter den genau gleichen Bedingungen befördert werden, wird es in Europa langfristig so nicht mehr geben. Diese Entwicklung hat das Europäische Parlament mit dem Erlass der Verordnung zum Telekommunikationsmarkt angestoßen. Daten sollen danach im Grundsatz zwar weiterhin unter gleichen Bedingungen befördert werden. „Spezialdienste“ können davon aber ausgenommen werden. Im Zentrum der öffentlichen Debatte steht daher die Ungleichbehandlung unterschiedlich zahlungsstarker Dienste und Nutzer. Verfassungsrechtlich stellt sich zudem aber die Frage, wie weit die Pflicht des Staates allgemein reicht, Informationsfreiheit zu gewährleisten. Dann wird das Bild komplexer, weil ein Netzmanagement den Zugang zu Daten einerseits reglementiert, die enormen digitalen Datenströme dadurch unter Umständen aber auch gemäß ihren Anforderungen zielführend geordnet werden könnten. Continue reading >>
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Perinçek v. Switzerland: Between Freedom of Speech and Collective Dignity

In its recent Grand Chamber decision "Perinçek v Switzerland" the ECtHR, once again, declares Armenian genocide denial protected against criminal prosecution by the right to free speech. The Court substantially disregards the specific atmosphere of denialism and gross violations of the rights of minorities in Turkey, moving central attention instead to Switzerland where – supposedly – no tensions are possible on the anti-Armenian grounds. The Court has failed to acknowledge the existence of the anti-Armenianism as a specific ideology prevalent amongst Turkish and Azeri nationalists, including those scattered in huge Turkish diasporas in Europe these days. Continue reading >>
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Perinçek v. Switzerland: Between Freedom of Speech and Collective Dignity

In its recent Grand Chamber decision "Perinçek v Switzerland" the ECtHR, once again, declares Armenian genocide denial protected against criminal prosecution by the right to free speech. The Court substantially disregards the specific atmosphere of denialism and gross violations of the rights of minorities in Turkey, moving central attention instead to Switzerland where – supposedly – no tensions are possible on the anti-Armenian grounds. The Court has failed to acknowledge the existence of the anti-Armenianism as a specific ideology prevalent amongst Turkish and Azeri nationalists, including those scattered in huge Turkish diasporas in Europe these days. Continue reading >>
04 November 2015

The ECJ’s First Bitcoin Decision: Right Outcome, Wrong Reasons?

A few days ago, the Court of Justice of the European Union issued its first ever ruling on the digital currency known as Bitcoin. The case is likely to be only the opening salvo in the barrage of legal quandaries to come. It is the provenance of courts to pour new wine into old wine skins. Lawmakers, policymakers, and the academics who advise them, on the other hand, should start thinking long and hard about whether what we are dealing with is wine at all anymore. Continue reading >>
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The ECJ’s First Bitcoin Decision: Right Outcome, Wrong Reasons?

A few days ago, the Court of Justice of the European Union issued its first ever ruling on the digital currency known as Bitcoin. The case is likely to be only the opening salvo in the barrage of legal quandaries to come. It is the provenance of courts to pour new wine into old wine skins. Lawmakers, policymakers, and the academics who advise them, on the other hand, should start thinking long and hard about whether what we are dealing with is wine at all anymore. Continue reading >>
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„Willkommenshaft“ oder freie Ausreisemöglichkeit? Zur Freiheitsentziehung in „Transitzonen“

Transitzonen für Flüchtlinge sind keine Freiheitsentziehung. Das behaupten ihre Befürworter und berufen sich auf ein 20 Jahre altes Urteil des Bundesverfassungsgerichts. Doch ob sie damit Recht haben, ist äußerst fraglich. Continue reading >>
01 November 2015

Jenseits von Dublin: zulässige Rückschiebungen in die Nachbarstaaten

Wie kann man in der Zusammenarbeit mit anderen Ländern mittelfristig wieder ein funktionierendes Asylsystem in Europa und darüber hinaus etablieren? Das ist die Königsfrage der derzeitigen Debatte um die Bewältigung der Flüchtlingskrise. Zwischenschritte hierzu könnten sein, das bilaterale Rückführungsabkommen mit Österreich zu reaktivieren oder sicherer Aufenthaltsorte auszuweiten und so im geltenden deutschen Recht die Verantwortung anderer Staaten zu betonen. Continue reading >>
30 Oktober 2015

Grenze auf, Grenze zu? Die transnationale Wirkung von Rechtsverstößen im Dublin-System

In der Flüchtlingskrise bedarf es einer europäischen Lösung. Die verbreitete Vorstellung, man könne Flüchtlinge an der deutschen Grenze massenhaft abweisen, erweist sich vor dem Hintergrund des europäischen Asylrechts als Irrglaube. Dieses beruht auf dem wechselseitigen Vertrauen darauf, dass alle Mitgliedstaaten die rechtlichen Vorgaben einhalten. Die Rechtsverstöße einiger gehen nun zulasten Deutschlands. Einen Ausweg aus diesem Dilemma wird man nicht an der nationalen Grenze finden. Continue reading >>
29 Oktober 2015

EuG-Urteil zur Ukraine: Scheitert die europäische Außenpolitik an den eigenen Ansprüchen?

In seinem neuesten Urteil vom 26. Oktober 2015 zum Einfrieren von Konten, auf denen veruntreute ukrainische Staatsgelder zu vermuten sind, unterwirft sich die europäische Justiz strengen Maßstäben. Obgleich es grundsätzlich wünschenswert ist, dass Eingriffe der EU in die Handlungsfreiräumer Einzelner so restriktiv wie möglich behandelt werden, scheint das Gericht der Europäischen Union (EuG) in diesem Fall die außenpolitische Handlungsfreiheit des Rates der Europäischen Union über Gebühr zu beschränken. Continue reading >>
24 Oktober 2015

VG Stuttgart: Europarecht bremst Grenzschützer

Die Bundespolizei darf im Grenzgebiet nicht verdachtsunabhängig Personen kontrollieren, um illegal Einreisende aufzuspüren. Die Regelung in § 23 Bundespolizeigesetz, die ihr im 30 km-Grenzgebiet jederzeit anlasslose Identitätsfeststellungen erlaubt, ist europarechtswidrig und daher unanwendbar. Das hat das Verwaltungsgericht Stuttgart gestern entschieden (Az. 1 K 5060/13) – ein Urteil, das in diesen Zeiten europaweiter Diskussionen um Grenzzäune und Transitzonen noch für Wirbel sorgen dürfte. Continue reading >>

The Delvigne judgment and the European franchise: going boldly… but perhaps not boldly enough

In it's recent "Delvigne" decision, the Court took a rather bold stance on the material scope of the right to vote and to stand as a candidate at elections to the European Parliament. I will however also argue that, in some respect, this stance was not bold enough. Continue reading >>
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21 Oktober 2015

Meeting Albie Sachs: From Outlaw to Constitution Maker

Albie Sachs was nearly killed during his fight against apartheid in South Africa. After the fall of the regime, he became a judge at the Constitutional Court and one of the most influencial and inspirational figures in global constitutional law. A very personal encounter with a man of unlimited hope for human equality. Continue reading >>
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Meeting Albie Sachs: From Outlaw to Constitution Maker

Albie Sachs was nearly killed during his fight against apartheid in South Africa. After the fall of the regime, he became a judge at the Constitutional Court and one of the most influencial and inspirational figures in global constitutional law. A very personal encounter with a man of unlimited hope for human equality. Continue reading >>
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