15 August 2022
Pathogen Dematerialisation as an Existential Threat to Global Health Justice
Rapid levels of growth and development within the field of synthetic biology pose an undeniable threat to equity and global health justice as a result of the rise in the dematerialisation of pathogen samples. Until fairly recently, it was impossible to detach physical virus samples from the information they contained - the sample was the information - but technological advancements have allowed for the dematerialisation of pathogen samples to occur on a global scale. Whilst there are undoubtedly benefits to be derived from dematerialisation, it poses an existential threat to those international agreements which are underpinned by access and benefit sharing agreements. Continue reading >>
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Extratemporal Jurisdiction
When may a court legitimately rule over affairs of the future at all? Before thinking about how to resolve such cases, we need to clarify the conditions legitimatising the exercise of judicial authority. My (necessarily cursory) argument in this blogpost is twofold. First, I argue that it is both useful and conceptually apt to think about legitimate authority as a jurisdictional question. Second, I propose a heuristic condition that justifies the judicial exercise of extratemporal jurisdiction over future events: preserving choice.
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14 August 2022
Extinguishing the Court
The three quasi-judges in the Constitutional Tribunal and their participation in its adjudication are like a spoonful of tar in a barrel of honey: they contaminate the whole of the Tribunal. That is why the whole of the Constitutional Tribunal should be replaced in the event of a electoral victory of the democratic opposition in 2023. Continue reading >>Proactive International Law
In this blog post we challenge the reactive nature of international law, a discipline that has largely developed in response to specific crises and incidents, such as wars, pandemics, mass migrations, economic breakdowns, or technological advancements. While we acknowledge that the reactive paradigm of international law has facilitated adoption of pragmatic solutions to the concrete problems encountered and offered international law a path by which to direct its development, this approach, we contend, has led international law to be backward-looking, short-sighted, and ill-prepared to address newly emerging global threats and advances. Continue reading >>
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13 August 2022
A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing
In Brazil, the National Congress recently passed the Constitutional Amendment no. 123, nicknamed the “Kamikaze Bill” due to it budgetary impact. It qualifies the current situation – inflation, rise of gasoline price, shortage of goods, pandemic to name just a few – as an emergency state, creating financial and tax benefits for biofuel producers and providing welfare payments for part of the population. Continue reading >>
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Wie privat ist der Staat an der Spitze?
Der Streit um das Altkanzlerbüro von Gerhard Schröder legt die ungeklärten Fragen in der Abgrenzung von privater und staatlicher Sphäre im Verfassungsrecht offen. Continue reading >>12 August 2022
The Rise of the Constitutional Protection of Future Generations
Constitutions worldwide have seen the rise of future generations. Considering the 193 UN member states, Kosovo, Palestine, and Taiwan, 41% (81 out of 196) of constitutions explicitly referenced future generations as of 2021. We find that this trend started in the early 1990s, lagging behind environmental constitutionalism by two decades. Why do constitutions increasingly refer to future generations? Based on a comprehensive data collection including all constitutions ever written, we argue that future generations are a significant part of a modern, universalist language of constitution-making. Continue reading >>
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Privacy in Peril
On Saturday, 25 June 2022, American women woke up to a different reality – one day earlier, in Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, five justices on the US Supreme Court decided that the US Constitution does not protect a woman’s right to terminate a pregnancy. This undoing of women’s autonomy comes in part from the Dobbs majority’s failure to recognize that the right to terminate a pregnancy derives from a right to privacy. Roe and Casey recognized that reproductive freedom implicates bodily integrity and physical privacy, along with a decisional privacy interest in the critical life choices surrounding reproduction and family planning. In the space of a single day, the Dobbs Court eviscerated the freedom and the privacy rights Americans have relied on since 1973. Moreover, in an era driven by an information economy and rapidly expanding surveillance technologies, the Dobbs Court’s eradication of the right to terminate a pregnancy also severely compromises informational privacy, which involves the right to shield information from disclosure. Continue reading >>
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Extra-Constitutional Commitment Mechanisms
The solution to many public dilemmas requires long-term effort by successive generations. Such situation arises whenever the solution to a public dilemma cannot be implemented instantaneously but is dependent on the continuous effort of future governments (and their citizens). In this post I discuss the problem of securing intergenerational cooperation, focusing on the challenge of designing long-term commitment mechanisms. I will also reflect briefly on the tension between commitment mechanisms and the democratic ideal of citizen sovereignty (allowing each generation to make its own choices). Continue reading >>
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Von der Freiheit der Zukunft auf den Boden der Tatsachen
Hitze und Dürre kennzeichnen den Sommer 2022. Waldbrände in Spanien, Portugal, Frankreich, Italien, Tschechien und auch Deutschland sind Symbol für die Folgen der Klimakrise. Hitzewellen sind bereits heute wahrscheinlicher und intensiver. Die Auswirkungen auf den Menschen sind unübersehbar. Tausende Hitzetote wurden aus Europas Süden gemeldet. Dazu kommen Ernteausfälle, die Rationierung von Trinkwasser und Einschränkungen der Industrie wegen mangelndem Kühlwasser (z.B. AKWs) und reduzierter Transportkapazitäten der Frachtschifffahrt. Continue reading >>Why Banning Russians from Schengen Is Unlawful
Volodymyr Zelensky, the Prime Minister of Finland and others have been calling for an EU-wide ban of Russian citizens from Schengen visas. Unquestionably, the horrible crimes perpetrated by the Russian state should be punished. But Russians are citizens of a totalitarian state, they are not Putin. And whether we like it or not, there is no legal way under current EU law to adopt a blanket citizenship-based ban against Russians acquiring Schengen visas. Even more: political attention paid to it by persons in leadership positions is deeply surprising, if not irresponsible. Continue reading >>11 August 2022
Narrow Rules are not Enough
With continuing proliferation of increasingly capable AI systems, we will need regulation to address the associated risks. Since our ability to foresee such future risks is very limited, our best bet is to base such regulation on relatively general principles, rather than narrow rules. We think that negative human rights with their existing broad international support could form a suitable foundation both for flexible regulation and for the associated technical solutions. Continue reading >>
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An Intertemporal Perspective on Intergenerational Equity
The traditional understanding of intertemporal law is not persuasive – a modified intertemporal approach to intergenerational equity is necessary. This approach would have to shift the perspective of intertemporal law from a retrospective present-past relationship to a future-oriented perspective. Instead of observing the evolutionary developments of law over time and retrospectively applying them at a certain point in the future, the new approach departs from the contemporary legal regime and attempts to anticipate its prospective evolutionary developments – with regard to intergenerational equity only. Continue reading >>
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Mein Spion ist immer bei mir
Am 11. Mai hat die Europäische Kommission ihren Entwurf einer „Verordnung zur Festlegung von Vorschriften zur Prävention und Bekämpfung des sexuellen Missbrauchs von Kindern“ vorgelegt. Die ersten Reaktionen auf den Entwurf waren kontrovers. Bei näherer Betrachtung bündelt der Entwurf einerseits Maßnahmen zur Bekämpfung sexualisierter Gewalt, die seit geraumer Zeit geläufig sind, deren technische Probleme und rechtliche Zweifelsfragen aber nach wie vor nicht vollständig bewältigt sind. Neu ist andererseits, dass nach der vorgeschlagenen Verordnung die Individualkommunikation auf bestimmten Kommunikationsdiensten großflächig und teils anlasslos auf bestimmte Inhalte durchsucht werden soll. Gerade dieser Teil des Entwurfs ist besonders kritisch zu bewerten. Continue reading >>10 August 2022
The Future of European Climate Change Litigation
On 7 June 2022 the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) relinquished jurisdiction to the Grand Chamber to hear the application lodged on 28 January 2021 on behalf of Damien Carême, former mayor of the Commune of Grande Synthe in France. While the case shares some characteristics with other climate change cases pending before the Court, it differs in some key respects, making it a unique case of its kind at the moment. The Court will have to be open to a shift towards a more ecological interpretation of the Convention and demonstrate its ability and talent to rise to the historic task required. Continue reading >>
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Solidarity Across Time
I want to focus on the question of what the future can do for us – a question less asked, and which may seem antithetical to the idea of responsible behaviour now, and yet which is simply a part of the idea of solidarity across time. Its practical importance is that it strengthens the relationship between the present and future and so gives a more persuasive and coherent basis for solidaristic behaviour now Continue reading >>
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Law must be enforceable
The Court of Justice of the European Union ruled on 01.08.2022 that administrative decisions refusing family reunification must be open to judicial review with a legal remedy. The decision had been long awaited. The underlying article only provided for a legal remedy “against”, not “for” a transfer decision. The CJEU clearly rejects this view and emphasizes that administrative decisions must generally be subject to judicial review, which is a hindrance to the EU Commission's plans to significantly reduce the number of legal remedies in the revised EU legislation. Continue reading >>
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09 August 2022
Paths Untaken
If the development of certain technologies, such as advanced, unaligned AI, would be as dangerous as some have suggested, a long-termist legal perspective might advocate a strategy of technological delay—or even restraint—to avoid a default outcome of catastrophe. To many, restraint–a decision to withhold indefinitely from the development, or at least deployment, of the technology–might look implausible. However, history offers a surprising array of cases where strategically promising technologies were delayed, abandoned, or left unbuilt, even though many at the time perceived their development as inevitable. Continue reading >>
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Is Legal Longtermism Common Sense?
The past decade has seen a growing interest in protecting future generations from risks associated with climate change, pandemics, artificial intelligence, and other potential threats. Philosophical theories have developed in parallel, and those associated with the view that one should be particularly concerned with ensuring that the long-run future goes well have been referred to as longtermism. In the context of law, these theories form the basis for legal longtermism, the set of views associated with the claim that law and legal institutions ought to protect the far future. Based on a pair of recent empirical studies we show that legal experts and laypeople alike believe that the law should protect the long-term future much more than it currently does; that legal experts believe that the law can predictably and feasibly protect the long-term future; and that these beliefs hold true across major demographic subgroups. Continue reading >>08 August 2022
Immer noch lückenhaft
Am 27. Juli 2022 hat die Bundesregierung ihren Entwurf für ein „Gesetz für einen besseren Schutz hinweisgebender Personen sowie zur Umsetzung der Richtlinie zum Schutz von Personen, die Verstöße gegen das Unionsrecht melden“ offiziell vorgestellt, dessen Kern das geplante Hinweisgeberschutzgesetz (HinSchG) bildet. Mit dem HinSchG wird der deutsche Gesetzgeber erstmals ein Stammgesetz zum Thema „Whistleblowing“ schaffen, also der Aufdeckung von Rechtsverstößen und anderen Missständen durch Organisationsinsider. Der Entwurf weist jedoch gerade in vielen besonders Whistleblowing-relevanten Bereichen erhebliche Lücken auf. Continue reading >>
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05 August 2022
Klassismus und Grundgesetz
Das Vorhaben der Ampel-Regierung, mit dem Bürgergeld „Hartz IV“ abzulösen und durch die Corona- und Energiekrise ausgelöste Debatten um soziale Entlastungsmaßnahmen (zuletzt auch hier) bestätigen, dass Armut in Deutschland ein Maß erreicht hat, das strukturelle sozialstaatliche Korrekturen erfordert. Um Armut effektiv zu begegnen, bedarf es jedoch auch eines Umdenkens auf Verfassungsebene. Eine Zusammenschau des Sozialstaatsprinzips und der Gleichheitsgarantien bietet Schutz vor klassistisch-intersektionaler Diskriminierung. Continue reading >>An Uncounted Confidence Vote
On 22 July, the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, Pakistan’s largest province, convened to elect a new Chief Minister. Punjab’s political turmoil is the first trial run of the Court’s drastic reconfiguration of Pakistan’s political regime with a judgement this May that completely eliminates legislators’ ability to vote against the party line in confidence matters. Departing from essential principles of parliamentarism, the Court has incorporated the notion of executives remaining in office without the confidence of the House into Pakistan’s constitutional framework. The difficulties that already have arisen from working this party-centric parliamentarism demonstrate its dangers for democratic consolidation and underline the need for the Court to reconsider its position. Continue reading >>
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Paradigmenwechsel im Infektionsschutzgesetz?
Die im ersten Gesetzesentwurf zur Regelung der Zuteilung pandemiebedingt knapper intensivmedizinischer Behandlungskapazitäten ausdrücklich vorgesehene Zulässigkeit der ex-post-Triage ist – nach zum Teil heftiger Kritik – aus dem aktuellen Entwurf gestrichen worden. Allerdings ist die Diskussion um die grundsätzliche rechtsethische, im Speziellen auch um die strafrechtliche Bewertung dieser Fallkonstellation alles andere als beendet. Continue reading >>The Re-Emergence of the Net Neutrality Debate in Europe
The European online space has been subjected to intensive legal reforms in recent years, and the policy and regulatory debates regarding the role and obligations of tech companies in Europe are far from over. With the rumoured Connectivity Infrastructure Act, the European Commission seeks to compel Big Tech actors to financially contribute to telecommunications infrastructure. This initiative risks opening the pandora's box of net neutrality, and potentially endangers the democratic principles of freedom of expression and pluralism. Continue reading >>
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The EU’s regulatory push against disinformation
Tech billionaire Elon Musk’s surprise bid to buy Twitter questions the wisdom of the current EU efforts to combat the spread of disinformation, which has relied to a large extend on platforms’ voluntary cooperation. Whether successful or not, it raises serious questions on EU disinformation policy’s reliance on platforms’ discretion to moderate this category of speech. It is likely to put pressure on the carefully constructed web of self- and co-regulatory measures and legislation the European Commission has spun to counter the spread of disinformation. Continue reading >>
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04 August 2022
Tesla und die Sicherheit autonomer Fahrzeuge
Im Juni 2022 hat die US-amerikanische National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) eine Untersuchung von Tesla angeordnet, die nicht weniger als 830.000 Fahrzeuge sämtlicher Produktlinien betrifft. Die Behörde ist das amerikanische Pendant zum Kraftfahrtbundesamt und unter anderem für die Sicherheit der zum Straßenverkehr zugelassenen Kraftfahrzeuge zuständig. Die Untersuchung von Tesla betrifft das von diesem Unternehmen eingesetzte Computerprogramm namens „Autopilot“. Continue reading >>
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02 August 2022
Challenging Censorship
India’s online censorship laws have, since they were framed, been entirely lacking in transparency, and have consequently shielded the Indian government from any and all form of accountability. A writ petition by Twitter in an Indian High Court hopes to change that. Depending on which way the Courts rule, the fundamental rights of free expression, of due process and of access to the internet of millions of Indians are going to be decided by the end of this case. Continue reading >>
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Inkonsequenz made in Luxemburg
In diesem Dezember jährt sich die Gründung des Europäischen Gerichtshofes zum 70. Mal. Der EuGH zelebriert diesen runden Geburtstag bereits mit dem Hashtag #CJEUin70days auf dem sozialen Netzwerk Twitter. Nicht nur diese Kampagne, sondern auch die Öffentlichkeitsarbeit des EuGHs über soziale Medien insgesamt scheint dabei nicht im Einklang zu stehen mit der eigenen Rechtsprechung des Gerichtshofs. Continue reading >>Sparzwang nur für Arme?
In der sächsischen Kreisstadt Dippoldiswalde hat eine Wohnungsgenossenschaft aufgrund der explodierenden Energiepreise seit Anfang Juli die Warmwasserversorgung für ihre rund 600 Mieter:innen eingeschränkt. Die Heizungen bleiben bis zum September kalt. Die Vorauszahlungen für die Betriebskosten wurden bereits im April verdoppelt. Mit all diesen Maßnahmen will die Genossenschaft hohen Nachzahlungen bei den Nebenkostenabrechnungen vorbeugen. Die öffentlichen Reaktionen auf dieses Vorgehen fielen gemischt aus, die Mieter:innen zeigen jedoch bislang Verständnis. Continue reading >>Marktlogik ist kein Rechtsgebot
Am 21. Juli hat Christine Lagarde das Transmission Protection Instrument (TPI) der EZB vorgestellt. Die Ankündigung des TPI hat in Deutschland, wieder einmal, eine Diskussion um die Rolle der Märkte bei der Beurteilung der öffentlichen Finanzen von Mitgliedstaaten und die Berechtigung der Zentralbanken zum Eingriff in das Marktgeschehen entfacht. Tatsächlich sprechen gewichtige verfassungs- und demokratietheoretische Argumente dagegen, die Anleihepreisbildung ausschließlich dem Markt zu überlassen. Es handelt sich dabei weder um ein Gebot der Wirtschafts- und Währungsunion noch des grundgesetzlichen Demokratieprinzips. Continue reading >>Everything must remain the same for everything can change
The European Arrest Warrant mechanism has been one of the fiercest manifestations of the rule of law crisis in Poland. Four years have passed since the EU Court of Justice instructed executing courts to carry out a two-step test, to decide on the execution of EAWs issued by a Member State affected by systemic deficiencies to the independence of its judicial system. Four years later, the Polish government has only dug itself deeper into its authoritarian trench. With its recent rulings, the Court has significantly broadened the criteria and factors on which the executing courts can rely, when assessing the risk of a breach of Article 47(2) CFR in the issuing State. Continue reading >>
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01 August 2022
Fighting on the Business Front
Since 24th February 2022, international criminal justice has moved to ‘warp speed’: Russia’s flagrant aggression against the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine as well as the ensuing (and continuing) war has spawned a plurality of transformative developments across the whole realm of international criminal law. Last week, on 26th June 2022, these developments were further amplified by a statement issued by the Ukrainian government, which called for bringing war crimes charges against leaders and chairpersons of major international banks, including JPMorgan Chase, Citigroup, or HSBC. Continue reading >>
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29 July 2022
Karlsruher Türsteher
Diese Woche, am 26. und 27. Juli, verhandelte das Bundesverfassungsgericht das „Eigenmittelbeschluss-Ratifizierungsgesetz“ (ERatG). Die politischen Entscheidungen, die in Gestalt des Wiederaufbaufonds „Next Generation EU“ in rechtliche Form gegossen wurden, trafen dabei auf alte Rechtsfragen. Continue reading >>
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28 July 2022
Net Zero, Full Transparency
Earlier this month, during a record-breaking heatwave and a Conservative party leadership contest that will determine the next UK Prime Minister, the High Court quietly issued a judgment that may have nearly as much impact on the course of UK climate policy over the coming decades than either of the other events. The High Court judgement in the Net Zero Strategy legal challenge can be considered a landmark victory. On the one hand, the case can be understood as a narrow administrative law challenge to the process by which a government decision was made. On the other hand, however, the judgment can be understood in the context of a growing number of cases around the world which demonstrate the critical role of the law and the courts in creating accountability for climate action – something that is increasingly vital in the face of a warming world and a lack of public trust in key institutions. Continue reading >>
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Accessing Information about Abortion
The U.S. Supreme Court decision of 24 June 2022 overruled a half century of precedent supporting a constitutional right to abortion across the U.S. established in 1973 in Roe v. Wade. Essentially, Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization left the decision on abortion to individual states. The ruling, although astonishing, was not necessarily a surprise, after its draft had leaked a few weeks earlier. But to the surprise of many, almost immediately, Facebook and Instagram started removing posts informing about access to abortion pills, the Associated Press and Vice first reported. Continue reading >>
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26 July 2022
Beyond Constitutional Doctrine?
In a recent post on Verfassungsblog, Michał Stambulski and Karol Muszyński make a number of wide-ranging statements and stinging criticisms of what they believe to be the shortcomings of “doctrinal constitutionalism”, “legal constitutionalism” and “doctrinal legal constitutionalism.” What the authors fail to do at any point, however, is define what they mean by these terms. Furthermore, their attack on doctrinal constitutionalism - which includes ad hominem attacks while ironically calling for a more serious engagement and less ‘emotional’ or ‘easy moral evaluation’ - fails to offer any alternative solutions to a rule of law crisis that the authors themselves readily acknowledge to be a problem. Aside from a plea to pay closer attention to economic, social and political context, it is by no means clear what they would put in place of the doctrinal/legal constitutionalism that they appear to be so passionately opposed to. Continue reading >>
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25 July 2022
Nochmals: Cannabis-Entkriminalisierung und Europarecht
Ich habe kürzlich an dieser Stelle argumentiert, dass das Europarecht mit Blick auf die geplante Entkriminalisierung des Cannabiskonsums „die völkerrechtlichen Vorgaben im Wesentlichen“ nachvollzieht. Dem ist nun widersprochen worden und zwar unter Hinweis auf Art. 71 Abs. 2 SDÜ und den Beitritt der EU zur Wiener Drogenkonvention von 1988. Darauf ist kurz zu replizieren, weil die vorgebrachte Argumentation einerseits europarechtlich zu kurz greift und andererseits in der Sache an der Dominanz der völkerrechtlichen Abkommen nichts ändert. Continue reading >>22 July 2022
Dürfen die das?
Erinnern Sie sich noch an die Diskussion um eine Studie zu Rassismus und Rechtsextremismus in der Polizei, die 2020 geführt wurde? Nach der Tötung von George Floyd in den USA und einer Vielzahl an deutschen Polizeiskandalen begann man auch in Deutschland verstärkt über Polizeigewalt, Racial Profiling und Rechtsextremismus in der Polizei zu diskutieren und die Öffentlichkeit drängte auf eine großangelegte Studie. Zunächst verweigerte der damalige Bundesinnenminister Horst Seehofer und ließ verlauten: „Die halten ja für uns den Kopf hin und deshalb gibt es jetzt keine Studie, die sich gegen die Polizei mit Unterstellungen oder Vorwürfen richtet.“ Continue reading >>Ein Plädoyer für die Änderung der Strafzumessungsgründe in § 46 Abs. 2 S. 2 StGB
Dass die von Justizminister Marco Buschmann angekündigte Ergänzung des Katalogs der in § 46 Abs. 2 S. 2 StGB aufgezählten Strafzumessungsgründe um die Merkmale der „geschlechtsspezifischen“ und „gegen die sexuelle Orientierung gerichteten“ Beweggründe auf verhaltene Reaktionen stößt, ist nicht verwunderlich. Die Reaktionen passen nur allzu gut zu der gesamtgesellschaftlich, medial und insbesondere innerhalb der Justiz zu beobachtenden Neigung, das Ausmaß und die Dimension geschlechtsspezifischer Gewalt in Deutschland nicht gänzlich anzuerkennen. In diesem Sinne ist der Vorstoß des Bundesjustizministeriums, mit der geplanten Gesetzesänderung geschlechtsspezifische Gewalt als solche zu benennen, ihre Bagatellisierung zu verhindern und damit ein Signal an die Gesellschaft zu senden, in höchstem Maße zu begrüßen. Continue reading >>Citizenship Imposition is the New Non-Discrimination Standard
Never before has the failure to naturalize been used by the Court against discriminated permanent residents, just as it would be unthinkable to greenlight the humiliation of Muslims by an Islamophobic government for failure to convert. The meaning of ‘discrimination’ in ECHR law has become less clear as a result of Savickis. Continue reading >>
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21 July 2022
Rückkehrhilfen gegen alsbaldige Verelendung
Rückkehrprämien werden in asylgerichtlichen Entscheidungen immer häufiger bei der Bewertung der Gefahr einer humanitären Notlage angeführt. Das Bundesverwaltungsgericht hat nun den Volltext einer Grundsatzentscheidung zu diesem Thema veröffentlicht: Maßgeblich ist danach, ob Rückkehrhilfen eine „alsbaldige“ Verelendung verhinderten; eine nachhaltige Existenzsicherung sei unerheblich. Zugleich gesteht das Bundesverwaltungsgericht indirekt ein, dass die langfristige Wirkung der Hilfen berücksichtigt werden muss. Continue reading >>Dieser Blogbeitrag ist nicht von der Pressefreiheit geschützt
Digitale Angebote haben längst den Medienmarkt erobert. Wenn man dem Verwaltungsgericht Berlin folgt, bewegen sich Online-Medien jedoch möglicherweise im grundrechtlichen Niemandsland, zumindest was die Medienfreiheiten und die sich daraus ergebenden Auskunftsansprüche gegenüber Behörden betrifft. Denn die Pressefreiheit setze die „Publikation eines Druckerzeugnisses“ voraus und die Frage, ob journalistisch-redaktionell gestaltete Telemedien von der Rundfunkfreiheit geschützt sind, könne im Eilverfahren nicht geklärt werden. Wenn die Entscheidung Bestand hat, hätte sie weitreichende Konsequenzen für den Journalismus in einer sich wandelnden Medienlandschaft. Continue reading >>Erfolgsaussicht: Ein „geeignetes“ Triagekriterium?
Das auch nach dem Verfassungsgerichtsurteil ungeklärte Problem mittelbarer Diskriminierung behinderter Menschen bei einer pandemiebedingten Triage wird in dem aktuellen Entwurf zu einem „Triage-Gesetz“ durch sprachliche Tricks verschleiert. Continue reading >>
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On Osman Kavala and Turkish Judicial Failures
The Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe, in charge of monitoring compliance with ECtHR rulings, will now deliberate as to how to handle Turkey’s now judicially confirmed failure to release Kavala. Suspension of Turkey’s membership in the Council of Europe, is an option that is on the table, at least theoretically. The Kavala case is larger than Kavala himself though. Continue reading >>
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20 July 2022
Der Weg zu Equal Pay ist viel zu steinig
Birte Meiers Weg zur Entgeltgleichheit und (Geschlechter-)Gerechtigkeit gleicht einer Odyssee. Er führte sie nach Berlin, über Erfurt, nach Karlsruhe und zurück. Ob ein Streckenabschnitt nicht auch nach Luxemburg hätte führen müssen – zum europäischen Gerichtshof (EuGH) – diese Frage hat das Bundesverfassungsgericht in einem Beschluss nun verneint. Die seit 2015 (!) geführten Verfahren, die noch immer nicht abgeschlossen sind, zeigen deutlich: Der Anspruch auf Entgeltgleichheit ist nur unter großen Schwierigkeiten durchsetzbar. Continue reading >>
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Constitutionalizing the Court of Arbitration for Sport
Claudia Pechstein is an exceptional athlete. On ice, she seems immortal, skating through her 8th Winter Olympics in February 2022 in Beijing. In the court room, she has shown the same determination and refused to back down from a bitter and expensive legal struggle. The most recent decision in Claudia Pechstein's legal odyssey, a decision by Germany's Federal Constitutional Court, is interesting beyond the German context because it concerns one of the most active and at the same time under-researched global courts: The Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS). Continue reading >>
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The Government versus the President
A few days ago, the Georgian government filed a constitutional complaint against the President of Georgia to the Constitutional Court. Many in Georgia, and not only in Georgia, think that the government is trying to curtail the powers of the president and punish the president for her pro-European political activities. What is interesting in this context is how strong the government's legal positions really are. Continue reading >>19 July 2022
Die Documenta und die Grenzen der Kunstfreiheit
Nach dem Rücktritt der Documenta-Geschäftsführerin soll nunmehr in Ruhe besprochen werden, was schief gelaufen ist auf der Kunstausstellung in Kassel. Findet die Kunstfreiheit tatsächlich ihre Grenzen in dem Schutz gegen Antisemitismus, wie Kulturstaatsministerin Claudia Roth zitiert wird? Zumindest in dieser Pauschalität trifft diese Aussage nicht zu. Continue reading >>
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The Bill of Rights Bill and the damages of UK’s unilateralism
Just a fortnight before the resignation of Prime Minister Boris Johnson, the UK Government published its draft Bill of Rights Bill, which seeks to repeal and amend the 1998 Human Rights Act which incorporated the ECHR into UK law (section 1(1) of the Bill). The Bill is an expression of a broader trend emerging in UK policies to unilaterally amend (or even avoid) international law commitments. Continue reading >>18 July 2022
The People vs The President
Sri Lankan president Gotabhaya Rajapaksa finally resigned on 14 July 2022. The Speaker of the Sri Lankan Parliament confirmed the resignation on 15 July 2022. This is a tremendous victory for the people who have asserted their sovereignty through their daily activism. Recognizing the Sri Lankan crisis as a constitutional moment to introduce legal-political reforms is imperative to respond to the worst economic crisis the country has faced since independence and to engage with the diverse range of protestors within a constitutional-political framework. Continue reading >>
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