27 March 2021
Going Beyond the Rhetoric: Taking Human Rights Seriously in the Post-COVID-19 New Paradigm
This article first analyses the various dimensions of the public health and human rights crisis, in order to identify, secondly, the breadth of the efforts that need to be made for a short- and long-term human rights-based response to COVID-19. Continue reading >>
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26 March 2021
A Shot in the Arm or a Shot in the Foot?
The European Commission’s proposal to impose what was referred to as an “export ban” on exports of COVID-19 vaccines has generated considerable political and social media comment, particularly from the United Kingdom. The measure is (probably) lawful as a matter of international law and is certainly not a breach of the rule of law. But that does not mean that it is wise. Using the EU’s power in this way is a bit like pulling a brick from the tower in the well-known game of Jenga: the risk is that what is already a somewhat rickety tower (the rules-based trading order) will wobble yet further. More immediately, the risk of vaccine nationalism is that other states will retaliate in a negative-sum game. Continue reading >>Romania: COVID-19 Response in an Electoral Year
The year 2020 was a difficult one for Romania, as for the whole world, because of the Covid-19 crisis which overlapped with other local crises of political, legal and social natures. The country’s response to the Covid-19 challenges was rendered even more difficult and incoherent by these crises. In February-March 2020, the government and the President were looking for a solution in order to initiate the procedure for early elections and at the very first moments of the pandemic the country had an interim government after a motion of censure had passed. Continue reading >>
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25 March 2021
Liberté, Egalité, Identité
Berichten zufolge plädiert die französische Regierung vor dem obersten französischen Verwaltungsgericht, dem Conseil d’État, dafür, ein Urteil des EuGH zur Vorratsdatenspeicherung nicht zu befolgen, weil es gegen die französische Verfassungsidentität verstoße. Die Entscheidung steht noch aus, aber sollte das Gericht der französischen Regierung folgen wäre das ein weiterer Schlag gegen den Vorrang des EU-Rechts. Dabei ist die Berufung auf die französische Verfassungsidentität kein überzeugendes Konzept – erst recht nicht wenn es um Vorratsdatenspeicherung geht. Continue reading >>The Virtues and Limits of Transformative Constitutionalism
On 4 March, the Ecuadorian Constitutional Court published a decision in the aftermath of nation-wide prison riots that had killed at least 79 people. This judgment underlines the key functions of a Court empowered with a transformative mandate in the face of systemic failures in public policy – but also the limits of its power to solve those failures. Continue reading >>„Hier ist Netflix mit der Tagesschau“
Aktuelle Diskussionen zur Reform des Rundfunkrechts in Großbritannien ziehen in Betracht, öffentlich-rechtliche Inhalte alternativ über private Streamingdienste zu verbreiten. Auch in Deutschland sind Grundsatzfragen zur Zukunft des öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunks ungeklärt und auch radikale Veränderungen denkbar. Politisch erzwungene, strukturelle Änderungen werden wahrscheinlicher, je länger sich die aktuelle Entwicklung der relevanten Marktanteile bei ARD und ZDF fortsetzt. Doch es stellt sich die Frage, ob und inwieweit auch in Deutschland eine Regelung nach dem Britischen Vorschlag (verfassungs-)rechtlich überhaupt möglich ist. Continue reading >>Bangladesh’s COVID-19 Year in Review
Government authorities and political leaders take huge pride in claiming that Bangladesh has been one of the most successful countries to tackle COVID-19, with the least number of deaths compared with the size of its population (165 million). In reality, the COVID-situation and Bangladesh’s responses to the crisis are much different than the rosy picture that is often drawn. Continue reading >>
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24 March 2021
Ein neuer Flaggenstreit
Das Verhältnis der Deutschen zu ihren Staatssymbolen ist nach wie vor schwierig. Eine Ursache hierfür ist, dass die Bundesrepublik auf einen symbolischen Kontinuitätskurs festgelegt ist, der mitunter Probleme bereitet und der klare Einschnitte schwer zu machen scheint. Das zeigen nicht zuletzt zwei Gerichtsurteile aus Bremen, in denen es um eine Ordnungsverfügung geht, die das Zeigen der Reichskriegsflagge und weiterer Flaggen während einer Demonstration unterbinden sollte. Ist damit die Flaggenfrage wieder en vogue? Jedenfalls geben die jüngsten Ereignisse Anlass, sich mit der Staatssymbolik der „Berliner Republik“ auseinanderzusetzen und behutsame Fortentwicklungen anzuregen. Continue reading >>
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Netzsperren durch die CUII
Statt eines unabhängigen Gerichts entscheidet künftig die „Clearingstelle Urheberrecht im Internet“ als Selbstregulierungsgremium marktmächtiger Verbände der Unterhaltungsbranche sowie aller großen deutschen Internetprovider, ob bestimmte Webseiten im Internet erreicht werden können oder nicht. Diese privaten Netzsperren ohne Gerichtsbeschluss höhlen rechtsstaatliche Prinzipien aus und berauben betroffene Dritte eines effektiven Grundrechtsschutzes. Entscheidungen, die den freien Informationsfluss im Netz beschränken, gehören nicht in private Hände. Continue reading >>The New Normal? – Emergency Measures in Response to the Second COVID-19 Wave in Poland
This post will cover four core areas of legal concern regarding the Polish response to COVID-19 across the last few months. First of them is the continued issue of legality of the measures used. Second is the issue of transparency and clarity of the measures employed with a particular look at the issue of exiting the emergency. Third is the matter of judicial oversight and the role of Polish courts during the pandemic. Fourth issue pertains to the convergence between the challenges brought about by the pandemic and the continued backsliding of the rule of law and erosion of human rights in Poland. Continue reading >>
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23 March 2021
Kein vorbeugender Rechtsschutz gegen EU-Eigenmittelbeschlüsse
Der Tagespresse lässt sich entnehmen, dass ein „Bündnis Bürgerwille“ vor dem Bundesverfassungsgericht gegen „die Finanzierung der EU-Corona-Hilfen“ vorgehe. Hierzu sei eine Verfassungsbeschwerde nebst Antrag auf einstweilige Anordnung angekündigt. Damit verbunden sei eine Bitte an das Gericht, den Bundespräsidenten darum zu ersuchen, „der ständigen Staatspraxis entsprechend“, das betreffende Gesetz vorläufig nicht auszufertigen. Was steckt dahinter? Continue reading >>Sri Lanka’s Legal Response to COVID-19: Past Trends and Future Prospects
In the midst of this public health emergency, Sri Lanka’s legal system has contributed little if anything to Sri Lanka’s response to Covid-19 since March 2020. The legal system has been expected to and in a large part has in fact been “kept out of the way” of the political actors. In this post I will provide an overview of the GoSL’s legal and political response to Covid-19 and will highlight the implications of key actions on the rule of law and democratic governance. I will thereafter briefly capture the outlook for 2021. Continue reading >>
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22 March 2021
Not Yet but Soon
On 29 January 2021, the Portuguese Parliament approved the decriminalization of active euthanasia and assisted suicide for adults in a situation of intolerable suffering, with a definitive injury of extreme gravity according to scientific consensus, or incurable and fatal disease. A ruling delivered on 15 March by the Constitutional Court halted this legal innovation and cut short on introducing the right to a self-determined death in the Portuguese legal order. Continue reading >>
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An Unconstitutional Setback
After almost 10 years after ratification, President Erdoğan issued a decision on Saturday, 20 March, withdrawing Turkey from the Istanbul Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence. This withdrawal constitutes an unconstitutional setback, not only in the protection of at risk women, but also in terms of President Erdoğan’s usurpation of legislative powers. Continue reading >>
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Tracking Citizens
Israeli authorities will still be able to use military phone tracking surveillance technology in the combat against the Coronavirus – but not in a way as unbridled as the government had wished. This is the outcome of a recent decision by the Israeli Supreme Court in the case of ACRI v. the Knesset. The Court refrained from declaring the Law authorizing the General Secret Service to track contact persons of infected COVID-19 patients invalid, but limited the cases in which military phone tracking surveillance technology could be used, and required the government to establish clear criteria for such use. Continue reading >>
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The Eternal Emergency? Denmark’s Legal Response to COVID-19 in Review
On 11th March 2020 the Danish Prime Minister Mette Frederiksen found herself in a historic moment. The infection numbers in Denmark had dramatically increased within the last 24 hours - from just 157 infected in total on the 10th of March to 514 on March 11th – and a, now well-documented, disagreement between the health authorities and the government on the overall strategy had forced the hand of the Prime Minister to take decisive action. Dressed all in black, the prime minister ceremonially opened the press conference with the, now famous, words: “What I will tell you tonight, will have major implications for all Danes”. Indeed, almost one year from the Prime minister’s public prophecy, we can conclude - it did. Continue reading >>
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20 March 2021
Strasbourg and San José Close Ranks
Both in Latin America and in Europe, judicial independence is under increasing attack. What has been the position of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and of the European Court of Human Rights in combatting undue interference in the work of judges and prosecutors? And does their jurisprudence “cross-fertilize” each other? This article provides a glimpse of some of the judgments on illegitimate restrictions and destitutions of judges issued by the sister courts. This jurisprudence is evidence of an increasingly profound and structural exchange between the I/A Court and the ECHR. Continue reading >>
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Data Sharing and the Public Interest in a Digital Pandemic*
COVID-19 is our first digital pandemic. An effective response to COVID-19 is reliant on access to data that can be used to identify COVID-19 hotspots, guide national and localised responses, as well as be used in research aimed at developing COVID-19 diagnostics, therapies and vaccines. This digital pandemic has thus seen a shift in our data practices. “Open science” and the rapid data sharing of the results of clinical trials, observational studies, operational research, routine surveillance, information on the virus and its genetic sequences, as well as the monitoring of disease control programmes has been pushed to a new level. Continue reading >>
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19 March 2021
A Tricky Move
The European Commission’s decision to commence legal proceedings against the United Kingdom for unilaterally extending certain grace periods for the movement of goods in contravention to the Northern Ireland Protocol is legally sound, but politically tricky. In legal terms, the decision to launch both infringement proceedings and take first steps towards arbitration is the most promising avenue towards UK compliance with the Protocol. Yet it brings with it a political risk of further escalating the tensions around the Protocol within Northern Ireland and between the EU and the UK. Continue reading >>
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No More Need for Doublespeak
How will Southeast Asian governments react to the violent developments in Myanmar? ASEAN’s non-interference principle is often described as an effective shield against foreign meddling in domestic affairs. In the face of reputational damage and possible economic setbacks, though, ASEAN members had started to refer to human rights, democracy and the rule of law to justify occasional peer pressure – not out of normative conviction but due to strategic considerations. After years of democratic backsliding and declining global expectations, however, these semantic gymnastics are much less required today. Continue reading >>
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Wegsanktioniert
In diesem Jahr möchte das BVerfG über eine Verfassungsbeschwerde zu den Leistungskürzungen im Asylbewerberleistungsgesetz entscheiden. Es ist zweifelhaft, ob die von dem Gesetzgeber zur Legitimierung der Sanktionen vorgetragenen Gründe, namentlich die Förderung der Mitwirkungspflicht im Asyl- und Aufenthaltsrecht und die Verhinderung des „rechtsmissbräuchlichen Leistungsbezugs“, den verfassungsrechtlichen Anforderungen genügen. Zudem offenbart eine aktuelle Antwort der Bundesregierung auf eine parlamentarische Anfrage, dass die Wirksamkeit der Leistungskürzungen bislang unbelegt ist. Continue reading >>
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Workshop: Verfassungsrechtliche Expertise im politischen Raum
Im politischen Raum wird regelmäßig verfassungsrechtliche Expertise angefragt. Verfassungsrechtliche Expertise und rechtswissenschaftliche Argumente werden dadurch Teil des politischen Diskurses und Meinungskampfes, in der Flüchtlingskrise und jetzt in der Pandemie. Dies gibt der Verfassungsrechtswissenschaft Anlass, sich selbst über die Rolle von verfassungsrechtlicher Expertise im politischen Raum zu vergewissern und darüber mit der Politik sowie mit der Medienöffentlichkeit das Gespräch zu suchen. Continue reading >>
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Slovenia: Second Wave of Challenges to Constitutionalism
Slovenia had a very different experience in the first and the second wave of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic. In the first wave, the number of infections and deaths per capita has been comparatively low and Slovenia was even identified as a “corona success story”. The second wave, however, has propelled Slovenia into the highest ranks of mortality per capita globally with the total of 162 deaths per 100,000 people from the beginning of the pandemic until 25 January 2021. The Government introduced stringent measures in Autumn 2020, including the complete ban on assembly and sale of non-essential items, the closure of educational institutions, a strict 9 pm - 6 am curfew, and the prohibition of movement across municipal borders. Continue reading >>
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18 March 2021
The “Pablo Hasél Case”
In Spain, the recent conviction of the rapper Pablo Hasél for ‘crimes of expression’ has aroused intense public debate. He defamed members of the Spanish royal family, which is an aggravated offence under the Spanish Penal Code, as compared to defamation of any other member of the public. The reasoning of Hasél’s sentence is, on several points, hardly compatible with the case law of the European Court of Human Rights in terms of freedom of expression. It is, in fact, an overzealous application of an already problematic offence, variations of which the ECHR has already condemned. Continue reading >>Schutzverpflichtungen aus dem Infektionsschutzgesetz
Trotz steigender Inzidenzen wollen Bund und Länder in der Hoffnung auf Schnelltests und Impfstoffe die Maßnahmen der Pandemiebekämpfung weiter schrittweise lockern. Ob dies nachhaltig einen Weg in die Normalität weist, ist ungewiss. Die wissenschaftliche Politikberatung hält auch andere Konzepte bereit. In der politischen Debatte diskutiert man die die unterschiedlichsten 7-Tages-Inzidenzwerte – 50, 100 und sogar 200 – die dem Infektionsschutzgesetz so nicht zu entnehmen sind. Vielmehr nennt § 28a III IfSchG die Schwellenwerte 50 und 35. Bei genauerem Hinsehen spricht viel dafür, dass diese Norm die zuständigen Behörden sogar dazu verpflichtet, Maßnahmen der Pandemiebekämpfung zu treffen und zu verschärfen, wenn diese Schwellenwerte überschritten sind. Continue reading >>French Response to COVID-19 Crisis: Rolling into the Deep*
To cope with the COVID-19 crisis, the French Parliament adopted the Act n° 2020-290 creating a new regime of exception: the state of health emergency. It is concerning as it confers more powers and large leeway to the executive branch than the traditional state of security emergency, and as it offers the opportunity to restrict widely rights and liberties with almost no checks and balances. Continue reading >>
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17 March 2021
“Yes, you can… but only if you’re quiet”
The UK is undertaking changes to its ‘law of protest’, which have the capacity drastically to re-orientate the relationship between citizen and state in favour of the latter. The draft Bill takes little or no account of the important role protest plays in a free society and coincides with police officers forcefully breaking up a peaceful vigil to mark the murder of Sarah Everard last week. These images highlight how unbalanced, unnecessary and unprincipled the changes are – many of its planned changes seek to plug non-existent gaps. Continue reading >>
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Pandemic Response as Accentuation of Existing Characteristics: Vague Requirements and Executive Dominance in Ireland
In Ireland, it is not constitutionally permissible to declare an emergency in response to COVID-19. The legal response, therefore, has been mounted within the normal constitutional framework. This has consisted of five primary statutes that (a) empower the Minister for Health to make regulations (secondary legislation) imposing restrictions to control the pandemic and (b) establish enforcement powers that the Minister for Health can attach to particular restrictions. By early March 2021, the Minister had made 74 sets of regulations imposing restrictions. Continue reading >>
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16 March 2021
Vaccination for Vacation
The European Commission president Ursula von der Leyen announced on 1 March that the Commission will put forward a proposal for a “digital green pass” on 17 March, which would enable safe cross-border movement of three categories of individuals: those who have been vaccinated, those who have developed antibodies after recovering from COVID-19 and those who can produce a negative PCR test. This concept could enable individuals to travel across Europe without unduly discriminating citizens. By contrast, "EU vaccination certificates" would violate EU law and unduly discriminate citizens. Continue reading >>The Conference on the Future of Europe – Finally, an opportunity for more top-down bureaucracy?
On Wednesday, 10 March, the Presidents of the European Institutions signed the Joint Declaration on the Future of Europe. It establishes a Conference on the Future of Europe (CoFoE), which is advertised as a "citizens-focused, bottom-up exercise”. However, from the start, the Conference has been everything but that. Continue reading >>
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Year One: Reflections on Turkey’s Legal Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic
Ever since the first officially reported COVID-19 case in the country in March in 2020, Turkey, like most of the world, has taken measures to control the pandemic. The measures taken by Turkey included limitations on freedom of movement, closing schools and moving to online teaching at schools as and universities, restrictions on business opening hours, cessation of prison and detention visits, prohibition of resignation for healthcare staff, and, more stringently, the introduction of curfews. Continue reading >>
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Wie wiegt man Corona?
„Leben oder Freiheit?“ – das ist für manche Gerichte die Frage, auf die sie mit ihren Corona-Entscheidungen eine Antwort zu geben suchen. Und auf diese Frage antworten manche Politiker, wenn sie eine neue Lockdown-Verlängerung begründen. Stellt man die Frage so, kann es nur eine Antwort geben. Das Recht auf Leben ist das fundamentalste Grundrecht – wer nicht mehr lebt, kann nicht mehr an Demonstrationen teilnehmen, einen Beruf ausüben oder Kunstwerke schaffen. Also entscheiden Politiker wie Gerichte in der Corona-Pandemie für den Lebensschutz durch Einschränkung der Freiheit. Aber die abstrakte Gegenüberstellung der Rechtsgüter Leben und Berufs-, Religions- oder allgemeine Handlungsfreiheit verfehlt das bei der verfassungsrechtlichen Lockdownkontrolle zu bearbeitende Thema. Continue reading >>15 March 2021
Wieviel Gemeinsinn verträgt die Gesellschaft?
Unter der Überschrift „Wieviel Identität verträgt die Gesellschaft“ hat Wolfgang Thierse in der FAZ zu der Frage Stellung bezogen, wie sich gesellschaftliche Pluralität mit dem für sozialen Zusammenhalt erforderlichen Gemeinsinn verträgt. Er wendet sich gegen eine subjektive Betroffenenperspektive, die der Gesellschaft ihre Sichtweise gewisser Dinge auferlegen wolle. Die Konturen des Gemeinsinns seien im demokratischen Diskurs zu verhandeln, der mit den Anerkennungsansprüchen einzelner gesellschaftlicher Gruppen in Konflikt geraten könne. Gleichzeitig konzediert er allerdings die Notwendigkeit, erfahrene Benachteiligungen zu überwinden. Wie aber lassen sich erfahrene Benachteiligungen überwinden, die der Gemeinsinn billigt oder gar erzeugt? Continue reading >>One Year After the Pandemic in Indonesia: From Health Crisis to the Crisis of Constitutional Democracy
It has been a year since the first Covid-19 case was confirmed in Indonesia, in early March 2020. At that time, the Indonesian government underestimated the dangers of Covid-19, which proved fatal since the virus continued to spread gradually to all Indonesian provinces within a month. At the time of writing, Indonesia is the country with the highest number of positive cases in Southeast Asia with 1,419,455, even the Covid-19 death rate in Indonesia is among the highest in the world. Continue reading >>13 March 2021
Lücke gestopft
In einem Beitrag vom 26. Juli 2020 hatte ich darauf hingewiesen, dass der Fiskus durch das Zweite Corona-Steuerhilfegesetz die Möglichkeit verloren hätte, Taterträge aus illegalen Cum/Ex-Geschäften einzuziehen, wenn der betroffene steuerrechtliche Anspruch des Fiskus verjährt war. Mit einer „Reform der Reform“ hat der Gesetzgeber dies nun doch möglich gemacht. Ein Beschluss, den das Bundesverfassungsgericht letzte Woche veröffentlicht hat, lässt darauf schließen, dass diese Rückwirkung auch verfassungsrechtlich Bestand haben wird. Continue reading >>Verantwortungseigentum!
Eine Gruppe von Professorinnen und Professoren schlug 2020 die Schaffung einer „GmbH in Verantwortungseigentum“ vor. Der Gesetzesentwurf wurde 2021 aktualisiert und in „GmbH mit gebundenem Vermögen“ umbenannt. Will der Vorschlag dem Anspruch einer „Transformation der Wirtschaft in Richtung Verantwortung und Sinnhaftigkeit“ gerecht werden, könnte eine Einbettung ökologischer und sozialer Standards dieser realistischen Utopie eine noch konkretere Gestalt verleihen. Jedenfalls sollte sich der Gesetzesentwurf zu dem Ziel einer nachhaltigen „verantwortungsvollen“ Wirtschaftsweise bekennen. Continue reading >>Emergency Law Responses and Conflict-Affected States in Transition
This post looks at emergency law responses to the Covid-19 pandemic in conflict-affected states in transition. While some type of emergency response to Covid-19 has been used in most states, we suggest that conflict ‘fault lines’ can mean that emergency law responses have a capacity to undermine transitions. Continue reading >>
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12 March 2021
Lula’s Power is Brazil’s Arm
On 8 March 2021, Judge Edson Fachin from the Brazilian Supreme Court made a decision that frees former President Lula from all his convictions. This might decisively affect the course of the next presidential elections in Brazil, in 2022, as it puts former President Lula back in the presidential race. Perhaps even more importantly, its consequences might help in the fight against the Covid-19 crisis in Brazil. Continue reading >>
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Vermummung, Durchsuchung, Ausschluss
Seit dem 28. Februar 2021 gilt das neue Berliner Versammlungsgesetz. Nach der über 60 Jahre langen Ära des Bundesversammlungsgesetzes in Berlin wurde das „Versammlungsfreiheitsgesetz“ weitgehend unter dem Radar ausgehandelt. Auch das neue Berliner Allgemeine Sicherheits- und Ordnungsgesetz soll in Kürze verabschiedet werden. Neben der legislativen Umsetzung der Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts schafft das neue Versammlungsfreiheitsgesetz einige Liberalisierungen. Dennoch wird es seinem Namen nicht gerecht. Continue reading >>
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Iran’s COVID-19 Response: Who Calls the Shots?
As of January 26, 2021, Iran has reported a total of 57,481 death and more than 1,300,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19, making it the hardest-hit country in the Middle East. After days of denial, Iranian officials finally confirmed the first COVID-19 related death on February 19, 2020. The government’s response in the early days of the pandemic was a preview of what was to come: refusing to quarantine the city of Qom, the first epicenter of COVID in Iran; rejecting the call to postpone the Parliamentary elections; and continuing to receive flights from China, all resulting in the quick spread of the virus across the country. Continue reading >>
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COVID-19 in Estonia: A Year in Review
The first coronavirus infection in Estonia was diagnosed on 27 February 2020. Immediately, some steps were taken by the Government to deal with the rapidly evolving and changing situation, including placing some restrictions on freedom of movement especially on people in quarantine. To further tackle the emerging crisis the Government established a state of emergency on Estonian territory. This was done by Order No. 76 of 12 March 2020. The numbers of infected in spring 2020 were low in comparison with the numbers of infected during the second wave in autumn-winter 2020. On the day when the emergency situation was declared there were only 27 COVID-19 positive people. Continue reading >>
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11 March 2021
Was die Polizei kann und was sie darf
Seit einigen Monaten ermittelt die Sonderkommission BAO-Janus („Besondere Aufbau Organisation Janus") der Polizei Nordrhein-Westfalen gegen 24 Polizeibeamt*innen aus Essen und Mülheim an der Ruhr wegen rechtsextremer Chats. Am 18. Februar 2021 ließ die BAO-Janus in einer Massendatenabfrage mehr als 12.700 Rufnummern prüfen, in die die Handydaten der 24 unter Verdacht stehenden Beamt*innen einflossen. Die Massenabfragen von Handydaten durch die BAO-Janus stellen aber Vorfeldermittlungen unterhalb der Schwelle des Verdachtes dar und sind daher rechtswidrig. Continue reading >>
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COVID-19 in South Africa: A Year in Review
On 15 March 2020 with only 61 cases and 0 deaths recorded, President Ramaphosa quickly decided that swift action was required and declared a state of disaster. Despite this quick action, South Africa has recorded the highest number of cases in Africa. This post will consider whether its response has been legitimate, proportionate and subject to appropriate judicial oversight. Continue reading >>
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Historians on Trial
On 9 February 2021, the District Court in Warsaw ruled that two prominent Holocaust researchers must publicly apologize for statements published in a book about the extermination of Jews in Nazi Germany-occupied Poland during the Second World War. The lawsuit is an example of strategic litigation aimed at intimidating researchers and exercising a chilling effect on the debate in Poland due to the involvement of an organization close to the government and framing of the case in pro-government public and private media. In March, courts in Poland handed judgments in two other important strategic lawsuits brought on criminal charges. Continue reading >>Hungary and the Pandemic: A Pretext for Expanding Power
A year ago, the first lockdowns were introduced in Europe. Since then, European governments have been busy introducing COVID-19 containment measures, including social distancing rules and mask mandates. For two months, they have been vaccinating the people. Ostensibly, the EU countries have taken similar steps. This piece provides a sketch of how the Hungarian government has handled the pandemic. Continue reading >>
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10 March 2021
Operation Car Wash on Trial
On 8 March 2021, the legal and political world was surprised by a judicial ruling of Justice Fachin, from the Brazilian Federal Supreme Court, which annulled three criminal cases against the former President Lula da Silva in the context of the so-called Operation Car Wash. In the following, we aim to recover some of the main arguments, positions and surrounding political scenario that involves Lula’s cases. The Federal Supreme Court seems to try to create a scenario for the reconstruction of the rule of law, which has been severely impaired in the past five years. Continue reading >>
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Recht und Respekt
Respekt, Wertschätzung und Anerkennung – niemand wird sich diesen Zielsetzungen entgegenstellen wollen, die Olaf Scholz als Richtmaß für seine Politik benennt (FAZ vom 1.3.2021, S. 6). Allerdings gibt die argumentative Bezugnahme auf den Begriff des Respekts, die Beanspruchung und Vereinnahmung des Begriffs, dem politischen Aushandlungsprozess eine spezifische Wendung. Denn der Begriff führt auf das Feld der moralischen Bewertung und damit zur Immunisierung der eigenen Position. Continue reading >>Lebanon in Times of COVID-19: A Series of Crises
Lebanon is facing an unprecedented crisis due to the continuous political turmoil and the unfolding economic and financial meltdown, exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic. This situation was further aggravated by the devastating 4 August explosion of 2,750 tonnes of Ammonium Nitrate at the port of Beirut that killed over 200 people, injured more than 7,000 and left thousands of residents without a roof. To date, justice has not been served, and no one has been held accountable. The combined impact of these crushing tragedies in addition to the rampant inflation is catastrophic on citizens’ livelihoods. Continue reading >>
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Es braucht nicht immer ein Gesetz
Am 02.03.2021 hat der Zweite Senat des BVerfG einen Antrag der Fraktion DIE LINKE im CETA-Organstreitverfahren als unzulässig verworfen. Die Linksfraktion hatte gegen die Unterlassung einer konstitutiven Zustimmung zur vorläufigen Anwendung von CETA durch ein förmliches Mandatsgesetz geklagt. Dass es eines solchen Mandatsgesetzes nicht braucht, damit das Parlament seine Integrationsverantwortung wahrnimmt, war spätestens seit dem Lissabon-Urteil klar, doch in seinem CETA-Urteil konkretisiert das BVerfG die Integrationsverantwortung nun abermals. Continue reading >>Über Richten und Schlichten
Am Freitag, 5. März 2021, gaben die drei zuständigen Bundesministerien in einer Pressemitteilung bekannt, dass sich die Bundesregierung mit den Energieversorgungsunternehmen RWE, E.ON, EnBW und Vattenfall auf Ausgleichzahlungen für den Atomausstieg geeinigt habe. Die Einigung ist insbesondere für das noch anhängige investitionsschutzrechtliche Verfahren Vattenfall gegen Bundesrepublik Deutschland vor einem internationalen Schiedsgericht von großer Bedeutung, da es nun aufgrund der Einigung außerhalb des Verfahrens kein Ergebnis liefern wird, diente es womöglich jahrelang nur als Drohkulisse. Aber egal ob das Verfahren schlussendlich eine Drohwirkung hatte oder ganz bedeutungslos war: Das investitionsschutzrechtliche Verfahren ist in jedem Fall abzulehnen. Continue reading >>
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